Injury to the muscle may cause pain and difficulty using your arm normally. Motor cranial nerves help control muscle movements in … The prime mover, sometimes called the agonist, is the muscle that provides the primary force driving the action. The pallial line is a mark (a line) on the interior of each valve of the shell of a bivalve mollusk.This line shows where all of the mantle muscles were attached in life. Pallial sinus/Sinus-A "C" shaped bend in the attachment scar of the mantle signifying where the siphons are retracted into the shell. Tentacular muscles originate from the pallial muscular system associated with the mantle margin (Fig. 5B). Surrounding the nervous axis, numerous bundles of longitudinal muscles run along the entire tentacle extension (Fig. The shell of the Hard-Shelled Clam (Mercenaria mercenaria), with the muscle scars, pallial line, and pallial sinus outlined on an inside view (upper right).A natural pearl from this species is at lower left. Pallium-The mantle. 5A and B). Explain the FUNCTION of each part. Muscle Definition. By understanding the anatomy and function of the brachialis muscle, you can be sure to have a successful rehab process and quickly and safely return to your previous level of activity. In clams with two adductor muscles the pallial line usually joins the marks known as adductor muscle scars, which are where the adductor muscles … The functions of the cranial nerves are sensory, motor, or both: Sensory cranial nerves help a person to see, smell, and hear. How is growth determined in a bivalve? The papillary muscles of both the right and left ventricles begin to contract shortly before … The relative size and positioning of pedal and bysul muscle scars can be very important in separating closely related species of mytilids, giant dams and anomids. The rhythmic contractions are regulated by the sinoatrial node … Additionally, short transverse fibers are present (Fig. A muscle is a group of muscle tissues which contract together to produce a force. ... soft tissue enclosing the body of a mussel, the principal function of which is to secrete the shell. Function. Cardiac muscle possesses contractile units known as sarcomeres and exhibits rhythmic contractions. The two pallial nerves have two very important functions for the octopus. Second, they help change the color of the mantle, which is how octopuses communicate with each other. 6. The posteromedial muscle ruptures more frequently because it only has one source of blood supply, hence RCA occlusion can cause papillary muscle rupture. A muscle consists of fibers of muscle cells surrounded by protective tissue, bundled together many more fibers, all surrounded in a thick protective tissue.A muscle uses ATP to contract and shorten, producing a force on the objects it is connected to. Cardiac muscle, in vertebrates, one of three major muscle types, found only in the heart. (Photographs by Rüdiger Bieler, published in Seashells of Southern Florida: Bivalves, 2007, courtesy of Princeton University Press) 5A). First, they regulate breathing by controlling a respiratory muscle in the mantle. Prime movers and antagonist. 5. One of the most important features of the bivalve shell is the “pallial musculature” that is associated with the attachment of the mantle to the shell. 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