We are convinced that the farming community must take an active part in its own economic advancement, social progress and cultural betterment. ENGLISH TRANSLATION: The Pope Speaks, 7 (April, 1962), 295-343. (36). But—for reasons explained by Our predecessors—the civil power must also have a hand in the economy. 209. 75. It is energetic, generous and considerate. Thus is man's work exalted and ennobled—so highly exalted that it leads to his own personal perfection of soul, and helps to extend to others the fruits of Redemption, all over the world. Finally, they fail to take account of that deep-rooted sense of religion which exists in all men everywhere, and which nothing, neither violence nor cunning, can eradicate. Surely his salvation is near to them that fear him: that glory may dwell in our land. It is a magnificent work that they are doing, and We are most happy to take this occasion of giving it the praise that it deserves. Which means that they must be given more assistance, and more free time in which to complete their vocational training as well as to carry out more fittingly their cultural, moral and religious education. When we realize that this movement of population is going on in nearly every part of the world, often on a large scale, we begin to appreciate the complexity of the human problems involved and their difficulty of solution. (59), 258. Experience shows that these problems arise whether the capital which makes possible these vast undertakings belongs to private citizens or to public corporations. (6), California Missions / Saint Junipero Serra, Quotes from Caritas in Veritate (Charity in Truth). 245. This explains why social and political movements for the harmonizing of justice and freedom in society, though until recently opposed to the private ownership of productive goods, are today reconsidering their position in the light of a clearer understanding of social history, and are in fact now declaring themselves in favor of this right. On the subject of work, Pius XII repeated the teaching of the Leonine encyclical, maintaining that a man's work is at once his duty and his right. Mater si, magistra no (literally "Mother yes, teacher no") is a macaronic phrase that means Catholics need not follow all the teachings of the Catholic Church, particularly in regard to economic justice or the rights of workers.It was originally in direct response to the papal encyclical Mater et Magistra of 1961, as a reference to the then-current anti-Castro slogan, "Cuba sí, Castro no." They must beware of. All such reforms should correspond as nearly as possible with those introduced in industry and the various services. Men, and consequently States, are in mortal fear of each other. But We must remind you here of an important truth: the Christian conception of life demands of all—whether highborn or lowly—a spirit of moderation and sacrifice. 177. 247. He feels himself free in the very depth of his being, and freely raised up to God. Aid from the developed world should come in the form of food for the hungry, but also technology and infrastructure to help other nations develop themselves. Experience suggests many ways in which the demands of justice can be satisfied. 202. (61) They are thus called to a share in His own divine life; and since they are united in mind and spirit with the divine Redeemer even when they are engaged in the affairs of the world, their work becomes a continuation of His work, penetrated with redemptive power. 197. This development in the social life of man is at once a symptom and a cause of the growing intervention of the State, even in matters which are of intimate concern to the individual, hence of great importance and not devoid of risk. 14. Animated, too, by the charity of Christ, he finds it impossible not to love his fellow men. Each fears that the other harbors plans of conquest and is only waiting for a favorable moment to put these plans into effect. St. Augustine stated "Lord, you have made us for yourself, and our hearts can find no rest until they rest in you. The demands of the common good on the international level include: the avoidance of all forms of unfair competition between the economies of different countries; the fostering of mutual collaboration and good will; and effective co-operation in the development of economically less advanced communities. (l4). On this basic principle, which guarantees the sacred dignity of the individual, the Church constructs her social teaching. 143. They can help themselves only in so far as they succeed in helping one another. We must solemnly proclaim that human life is transmitted by means of the family, and the family is based upon a marriage which is one and indissoluble and, with respect to Christians, raised to the dignity of a sacrament. Then, too, the Catholics of the wealthier States are doing all they can to increase the effectiveness of the social and economic work that is being done for the poorer nations. 211. Enterprises relating to other sectors of the economy might also be established there. Time and again He proved them by His actions, as when He miraculously multiplied bread to alleviate the hunger of the crowds. As We pass all this in review, We are aware of Our responsibility to take up this torch which Our great predecessors lighted, and hand it on with undiminished flame. And will not men who see clearly and compare the superior dignity of the persecuted with that refined barbarity of their oppressors, soon return to their senses, if indeed they have not already done so? This teaching rests on one basic principle: individual human beings are the foundation, the cause and the end of every social institution. 213. These, Venerable Brethren, are the basic principles upon which a genuine social and economic order must be built. And therein lies our hope. It is for individuals, therefore, to regulate their mutual relations where their work is concerned. It has to promote production in a way best calculated to achieve social progress and the well-being of all citizens. 132. 210. Agriculture, therefore, must be allowed to make use of the same reforms in the method and type of production and in the conduct of the business side of the venture as are permitted or required in the economic system as a whole. A nation should balance economic development with social progress and not sacrifice the welfare of its people for monetary gain. In short, it should be a policy designed to promote useful employment, enterprising initiative, and the exploitation of local resources. They must take account of all those social conditions which favor the full development of human personality. 173. It was promulgated on 15 May 1961. We therefore paternally invite Our beloved sons—craftsmen and members of cooperatives throughout the world—to realize the greatness of this task which is theirs in the State. That is why, as We said before, she claims the co-operation of her laity. Future generations are secured through education which allows for a sound cultural and religious formation. It lays claim to the whole man, body and soul, intellect and will, inducing him to raise his mind above the changing conditions of this earthly existence and reach upwards for the eternal life of heaven, where one day he will find his unfailing happiness and peace. Let us be quite clear on this point. In addition, a sound agricultural program is needed if public authority is to maintain an evenly balanced progress in the various branches of the economy. It is practice which makes perfect, even in such matters as the right use of liberty. Systems of social insurance and social security can make a most effective contribution to the overall distribution of national income in accordance with the principles of justice and equity. Mater et Magistra calls for a greater awareness of the need for all peoples to live as one community with a common good. This week we read a … 184. The Mater et Magistra dispute led to many ironic consequences. In economically developed countries, relatively unimportant services, and services of doubtful value, frequently carry a disproportionately high rate of remuneration, while the diligent and profitable work of whole classes of honest, hard-working men gets scant reward. The status of trade unions varied in different countries. 112. 232. It is discernible too in the subsequent legislation of a number of States. On this score alone the right of the Church to full liberty in the exercise of her mission must be recognized. It is therefore obvious that the solidarity of the human race and Christian brotherhood demand the elimination as far as possible of these discrepancies. 149. As we read in St. Augustine: "Lord, you have made us for yourself, and our hearts can find no rest until they rest in you". 2. There is a progressive improvement in basic education, a wider distribution of essential commodities, greater opportunities for advancement in industry and the consequent breaking down of class barriers, and a keener interest in world affairs shown by people of average education. Moreover, it would be quite useless to insist on free and personal initiative in the economic field, while at the same time withdrawing man's right to dispose freely of the means indispensable to the achievement of such initiative. We would give Our special approval to the increasing assistance they are giving, in all sorts of ways, to African and Asian students scattered throughout the universities of Europe and America; and to the care that is being devoted to the training of those persons who are prepared to go to the less wealthy areas in order to engage in work of technical and professional nature. And unto his saints: and unto them that are converted to the heart. It holds fast to the twofold aspect of Christ's command to give, and summarizes the whole of the Church's social teaching and activity. Probably the most difficult problem today concerns the relationship between political communities that are economically advanced and those in the process of development. We are, of course, well aware that overproduction, especially in agriculture, can cause economic harm to a certain section of the population. MAY 15, 1961 . On the national level they include: employment of the greatest possible number of workers; care lest privileged classes arise, even among the workers; maintenance of equilibrium between wages and prices; the need to make goods and services accessible to the greatest number; elimination, or at least the restriction, of inequalities in the various branches of the economy—that is, between agriculture, industry and services; creation of a proper balance between economic expansion and the development of social services, especially through the activity of public authorities; the best possible adjustment of the means of production to the progress of science and technology; seeing to it that the benefits which make possible a more human way of life will be available not merely to the present generation but to the coming generations as well. The solidarity which binds all men together as members of a common family makes it impossible for wealthy nations to look with indifference upon the hunger, misery and poverty of other nations whose citizens are unable to enjoy even elementary human rights. Justice is to be observed not only in the distribution of wealth, but also in regard to the conditions in which men are engaged in producing this wealth. A worker or an employer should always consider the greater good in determining his or her actions. The Great Depression and World War II had ended, the cold war had begun, and technology allowed for increased … This site features a massive library hosting over 50,000 free eBooks in ePu, HTML, Kindle and other simple text formats. 4. 67. It is discernible in the writings of the Popes who succeeded Pope Leo. 255. 185. The Participation of Workers in Specific Enterprises. It is a work which demands a capacity for orientation and adaptation, patient waiting, a sense of responsibility, and a spirit of perseverance and enterprise. In dealing with the family the Supreme Pontiff affirmed that the private ownership of material goods has a great part to play in promoting the welfare of family life. 87. The reason is that Socialism is founded on a doctrine of human society which is bounded by time and takes no account of any objective other than that of material well-being. If this can be achieved, then a precious contribution will have been made to the formation of a world community, in which each individual nation, conscious of its rights and duties, can work on terms of equality with the rest for the attainment of universal prosperity. 226. 129. MATER ET MAGISTRA. 194. 181. 223. And St. Paul insisted: "Whether you eat or drink, or whatsoever else you do, do all to the glory of God." It is discernible in the writings of the Popes who succeeded Pope Leo. For men of this stamp are always in evidence, and, like cockle among the wheat, thrive in every land. In their social and economic teaching they have frequent recourse to the Leonine Encyclical, either to draw inspiration from it and clarify its application, or to find in it a stimulus to Catholic action. While it is true that farm produce is mainly intended for the satisfaction of man's primary needs, and the price should therefore be within the means of all consumers, this cannot be used as an argument for keeping a section of the population—farm workers—in a permanent state of economic and social inferiority, depriving them of the wherewithal for a decent standard of living. This is probably due to the fact that the process of industrialization in these countries is only in its initial stages, or is still not sufficiently developed. 196. Not to mention other ways, it is especially desirable today that workers gradually come to share in the ownership of their company, by ways and in the manner that seem most suitable. (42). He has also to think of his family, the unity of which depends so much on frequent contact and the peaceful living together of all its members. Besides, the resources which God in His goodness and wisdom has implanted in Nature are well-nigh inexhaustible, and He has at the same time given man the intelligence to discover ways and means of exploiting these resources for his own advantage and his own livelihood. As for the problems which face the poorer nations in various parts of the world, We realize, of course, that these are very real. These three fundamental values, which are closely connected one with the other, mutually complementary and dependent, are: the use of material goods, work, and the family." 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